Historical Events on this Day in History - per Wikipedia
August 8
- 1220 – Sweden is defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula.
- 1503 – King James IV of Scotland marries Margaret Tudor, daughter of King Henry VII of England at Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Scotland.
- 1576 – The cornerstone for Tycho Brahe's Uraniborg observatory is laid on Hven.
- 1585 – John Davis enters Cumberland Sound in search of the Northwest Passage.
- 1588 – Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines – The naval engagement ends, ending the Spanish Armada's attempt to invade England.
- 1605 – The city of Oulu, Finland, is founded by Charles IX of Sweden.
- 1647 – The Irish Confederate Wars and Wars of the Three Kingdoms: Battle of Dungans Hill – English Parliamentary forces defeat Irish forces.
- 1709 – Bartolomeu de Gusmão demonstrates the lifting power of hot air in an audience before the King of Portugal in Lisbon
- 1786 – Mont Blanc on the French – Italian border is climbed for the first time by Jacques Balmat and Dr Michel-Gabriel Paccard.
- 1793 – The insurrection of Lyon occurs during the French Revolution.
- 1794 – Joseph Whidbey leads an expedition to search for the Northwest Passage near Juneau, Alaska.
- 1844 – The Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, headed by Brigham Young, is reaffirmed as the leading body of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).
- 1863 – American Civil War: following his defeat in the Battle of Gettysburg, General Robert E. Lee sends a letter of resignation to Confederate President Jefferson Davis (which is refused upon receipt).
- 1870 – The Republic of Ploieşti, a failed Radical-Liberal rising against Domnitor Carol of Romania.
- 1876 – Thomas Edison receives a patent for his mimeograph.
- 1908 – Wilbur Wright makes his first flight at a racecourse at Le Mans, France. It is the Wright Brothers' first public flight.
- 1918 – World War I: the Battle of Amiens begins a string of almost continuous victories with a push through the German front lines (Hundred Days Offensive).
- 1929 – The German airship Graf Zeppelin begins a round-the-world flight.
- 1940 – The "Aufbau Ost" directive is signed by Wilhelm Keitel.
- 1945 – World War II: The Soviet Union declares war on Japan and begins the Manchurian Strategic Offensive Operation.
- 1946 – First flight of the Convair B-36, the world's first mass-produce nuclear weapon delivery vehicle.
- 1960 – South Kasai secedes from the Congo.
- 1963 – Great Train Robbery: in England, a gang of 15 train robbers steal 2.6 million pounds in bank notes.
- 1967 – The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is founded by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.
- 1973 – Kim Dae-Jung, a South Korean politician and later president of South Korea, is kidnapped.
- 1974 – Watergate scandal: U.S. President Richard Nixon announces his resignation, effective the next day.
- 1980 – The Central Hotel Fire occurs in Bundoran, Ireland.
- 1988 – The "8888 Uprising" occurs in Burma.
- 1989 – Space Shuttle program: STS-28 Mission – Space Shuttle Columbia takes off on a secret five-day military mission.
- 1990 – Iraq occupies Kuwait and the state is annexed to Iraq. This would lead to the Gulf War shortly afterward.
- 1991 – The Warsaw radio mast, at one time the tallest construction ever built, collapses.
- 2000 – Confederate submarine H.L. Hunley is raised to the surface after 136 years on the ocean floor and 30 years after its discovery by undersea explorer E. Lee Spence and 5 years after being filmed by a dive team funded by novelist Clive Cussler.
- 2007 – An EF2 tornado touches down in Kings County and Richmond County, New York State, the most powerful tornado in New York to date and the first in Brooklyn since 1889.
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